16 Romans 9:1-18
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Romans 9:1-5
1
I tell
the truth in Christ, I am not lying, my conscience also bearing me witness in
the Holy Spirit, 2 that I have great sorrow and
continual grief in my heart. 3 For I could
wish that I myself were accursed from Christ for my brethren, my countrymen
according to the flesh, 4 who are
Israelites, to whom pertain the adoption, the
glory, the covenants, the giving of the law, the service of
God, and the promises; 5 of
whom are the fathers and from whom, according to the
flesh, Christ came, who is over all, the eternally
blessed God. Amen.
Paul takes a turn in
the focus of his letter, where he now expresses his deep concern, sorrow and
constant grief for the people of his own background – the Jews. He says that he
is honestly, deep-down, concerned about them, and his conscience bears witness
with the Holy Spirit of this fact. He uses very strong words to express his
concern for his people – sorrow and grief; words that are usually used in
relation to death. He seems to be saying that he’s upset because they are still
dead, and haven’t come to know the life that Jesus has to offer them.
He goes on to say
that he wished he was cut off from Christ instead of the Jews being cut off
from Christ. He says this out of desperation – not as a heartfelt desire that
this should really happen. He refers to the Jews as his countrymen in human
terms, since he came from the same faith and background as them.
He then goes on to
explain how the Jews (Israelites) received so much from God, and were therefore
so blessed by God. They were adopted by God, when God called Abraham. They
experienced God’s glory like people of no other race or faith did. They
received the covenants from God – the Abrahamic Covenant, the Mosaic Covenant
and the Davidic Covenant. It was to them that the law of God was given through
Moses. It was to them that the various instructions to worship God were given –
again through Moses. They received amazing promises from God for their lives.
Those promises made to Abraham pertained to them through their ancestors Isaac,
Jacob. It was through the lineage of Abraham that Jesus came as a man into the
world. He then concludes this thought by saying that not only was Jesus human,
but He was also divine and was therefore above all things, and all people. He
goes on to say that Jesus is the eternally blessed God. So Paul is once again
proclaiming as he did in the 1st Chapter that Jesus was both human
and divine.
Romans 9:6-9
6 But
it is not that the word of God has taken no effect. For they are not
all Israel who are of Israel, 7 nor are
they all children because they are the seed of Abraham; but, “In Isaac your seed shall be called.” 8 That
is, those who are the children of the flesh, these are not
the children of God; but the children of the promise are counted as the
seed. 9 For this is the word of
promise: “At this time I will come and Sarah shall have a son.”
Paul
goes on to say that it doesn’t mean that God’s Word has had no effect on the
Jews at all, meaning that it actually has, and some have been saved as a result
– himself included since He was from a Jewish background. He goes on to say
that not all those who of natural descent (born into Jewish families) are truly
of the faith of Israel, nor can they be called children of God. In fact, God
clearly said that it was through Isaac that the promise would be fulfilled and
Abraham would have descendants. It was not through Ishmael or through any servant
of his. It means that mere descendants of Abraham would not be called the
children of God, but rather, only those who, like Abraham, believed in the
promise of God that he would have descendants like the sands of the sea and the
stars in the sky. Faith was a prerequisite to being saved. Only those who
believed God, just like Abraham did could really be called children of God.
The
promise of God to Abraham was that at the same time the following year, Sarah
would have a son, and it was through this son Isaac, that God decided would bring
descendants of Abraham into the world. Paul seems to be saying clearly here
that it’s faith that makes one a child of God and not merely being a descendant
of someone who has faith.
This
same truth applies to us, The Church today. Just because our parents were or
are believers in Jesus, does not make us believers in Jesus or make us
Christians. We need to have faith in Jesus for us to be considered believers or
Christians. The Christian faith is not naturally inherited.
Romans 9:10-13
10 And not only this, but
when Rebecca also had conceived by one man, even by our
father Isaac 11 (for the
children not yet being born, nor having done any good or evil, that
the purpose of God according to election might stand, not of works but
of Him who calls), 12 it
was said to her, “The older shall
serve the younger.” 13 As
it is written, “Jacob I have loved,
but Esau I have hated.”
Now
Paul goes into another arena that has become rather controversial today, and
needs to be understood well, lest he be misunderstood. He talks about Rebecca
conceiving sons through Isaac and how even before they were born and could do
good or evil, God had chosen Jacob and not Esau, as the one through whom the
descendants he talked about to Abraham, would come. This goes to prove that
God’s choice (election) matters, and not man’s works. Let’s remember he’s still
talking about the process through which the Jews came to be called the children
of God and a chosen nation. It had nothing to do with their works, but really
had everything to do with God’s choice, so as to fulfil His purpose, which was
far wider than the Jewish nation actually – it was the purpose of making it
possible to save the whole world through Jesus.
God
told Rebecca, that Esau, who was the first of the twins to come out, would
serve Jacob, the one who came out second. Then Paul quotes a verse from Malachi 1:2-3 where He uses a
hyperbolic word, ‘hate,’ to mean that
he didn’t love Esau as much as He loved Jacob. It’s the same word used by
Jesus, when He says in Luke 14:26
that he who does not hate his parents, wife and children, siblings and his own
life cannot be His disciple. If you look at the Gospel of Matthew 10:37-38 where the same conversation is recorded, we get a
better understanding of it. Here it says that whoever loves his parents or his
children more than Jesus is not worthy of Him. So we see the meaning of the
word, ‘hate,’ does not literally mean
hate – it means ‘to not love as much as.’
What
Paul is saying in essence is that God had a plan and a process of redeeming the
world. It was through Abraham and his descendants, the Jews (not the Gentiles),
Isaac (not Ishmael), Jacob (not Esau), that Jesus would eventually come into
the world and open up the possibility for the world to be saved.
Romans
9:14-18
14 What
shall we say then? Is there unrighteousness with God?
Certainly not! 15 For He says to Moses, “I
will have mercy on whomever I will have mercy, and I will have compassion on
whomever I will have compassion.” 16 So then it
is not of him who wills, nor of him who runs, but of God who shows
mercy. 17 For the Scripture says to the
Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I have raised you up, that I may show My
power in you, and that My name may be declared in all the earth.” 18 Therefore
He has mercy on whom He wills, and whom He wills He hardens.
Reading
the above verses can give rise to a question that Paul then addresses. He says
that if it’s true that God is choosing whom He wills, does it mean that He is
then unrighteous? He answers his own question with an emphatic, “Certainly not.” He then quotes Exodus 33:19, where God says to Moses
that He will be merciful to those He chooses to be merciful to and He will be
compassionate to those He chooses to be compassionate to. Now this can further
raise the question about God’s righteousness, because it seems like God is
partial, but let’s read on. He goes on to explain the reason why God makes such
choices. If it’s not based on one’s good deeds, then it must be for some other
reason. He then makes reference to Exodus
9:16, where God speaks to Pharaoh through Moses telling him that God did
not put an end to his life and all the Egyptians because God was merciful to
them. He goes on to say that He actually raised him up for the very purpose of
showing His power to him and so that the whole world might hear about God. (Egypt
was such a powerful nation back in the day, so the news of what happened there
would reach the whole world). What he’s saying is that even the choice of
Pharaoh being in the position as the head of Egypt, was for a purpose – to
declare God’s power to him, and that God’s name would be made known in all the
earth.
This
gives us a glimpse of the purpose behind which God chose the people of Israel -
that eventually God’s power might be made known to them, and that His name made
would be made known to the entire world, through Jesus. Paul then concludes
this section where he says that God can be merciful to those He chooses to be
merciful to, and harden hearts of those He chooses to harden. Not only was God
merciful to Pharaoh, but there came a time when God actually hardened Pharaoh’s
heart, where he could not repent.
To
conclude, we can say that God chose the Jews, and this choice was not based on
their good deeds, but rather on God’s plan. This choice was not just for their
own sakes, but that through them Jesus would come into the world, and through
Him the whole world would have a chance to be saved. Let’s keep in mind that
Paul began this conversation about his sorrow and grief for the Jews, who had
rejected Jesus and therefore were still not saved.
If you were blessed by this study, please share it with someone else
God bless you and have a good day or night
Michael Collins
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